A 42-year-old male patient was admitted to the Fifth People’s Hospital of Yibin on April 16

2025

presenting with fever (predominantly nocturnal high fever)

chills

cough

expectoration

accompanied by palpitation

fatigue

abdominal distension and anorexia. On admission

his body temperature was 39 ℃; multiple erythematous macules were observed all over the skin

with abnormal auscultation findings and impaired verbal co

mmunication. Laboratory examinations revealed markedly elevated inflammatory markers including white blood cell count

neutrophil count

C-reactive protein and procalcitonin. Chest CT showed multiple infectious lesions in the right lung. HIV antibody test was positive

and the baseline CD4⁺T lymphocyte count was only 7 cells/μL. Extended bilateral blood culture yielded Talaromyces marneffei. Nucleic acid testing for six respiratory pathogens confirmed human rhinovirus (HRV) positivity. Based on medical history

clinical manifestations

physical signs and auxiliary examinations

the patient was definitively diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) complicated by Talaromyces

marneffei sepsis and human rhinovirus infection. Antiretroviral therapy consisting of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate combined with lamivudine and efavirenz was initiated. Meanwhile

voriconazole was administered for antifungal treatment and Yanhuning for antiviral symptomatic management. After systematic treatment

the patient’s clinical symptoms improved significantly with negative follow-up blood culture results. Repeated chest CT demonstrated absorption and reduction of pulmonary infectious lesions. HRV nucleic acid turned negative at the 2-week follow-up after discharge

indicating favorable recovery.